Absolutely not. I literally cannot do anything while listening to music, much less something as arduous as homework, which requires a lot of thinking and analyzing. Due to my ADHD, my attention span is already very small, and splitting it up even further is a nightmare for me.
I am such a failure at multi-tasking, that I can't even keep up with multiple MSN conversations at once XD So no, music does not improve the quality of my work, it just breaks my concentration and distracts me. Even small noises irritate me, which is why I need absolute silence in order to concentrate on something.
The only exception is when I'm running, and listening to music. It helps me stay in step and is a nice distraction from the heat and tiring activity.